• Issue

    Allergy: Volume 80, Issue 1

    1-369
    January 2025

ISSUE INFORMATION - TOC

Free Access

Issue Information

  • Pages: 1-6
  • First Published: 10 January 2025

REVIEW ARTICLE

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Food Allergy and Gastrointestinal Disease

Open Access

Prevalence and risk factors for milk allergy overdiagnosis in the BEEP trial cohort

  • Pages: 148-160
  • First Published: 20 June 2024
Prevalence and risk factors for milk allergy overdiagnosis in the BEEP trial cohort

In BEEP, cow's milk hypersensitivity was commonly reported in infants without confirmed milk allergy. One in six parents reported non-confirmed cow's milk hypersensitivity in their child, and half of these were prescribed low-allergy formula during the first year. The strongest risk factor for milk allergy overdiagnosis was high primary care practice-based prescribing of low-allergy formula in the year before birth. Abbreviations: BEEP, Barrier Enhancement for Eczema Prevention; CMA, cow's milk allergy

Open Access

Allergen-specific B cell responses in oral immunotherapy-induced desensitization, remission, and natural outgrowth in cow's milk allergy

  • Pages: 161-180
  • First Published: 11 July 2024
Allergen-specific B cell responses in oral immunotherapy-induced desensitization, remission, and natural outgrowth in cow's milk allergy

Increased frequency of αS1-casein-specific B cells associated with immunotherapy for milk allergy and natural outgrowth allergic (NT) individuals. Under the influence of OIT, downregulated the cellular activation gene machinery in desensitized patients mostly shut down during the remission and NT. Protein signatures displayed immune-regulatory and anti-inflammatory in NT and OIT-induced-remission as compared to before OIT.Abbreviations: BCR, B cell receptor; FPKM, fragment per kilobase per million mapped reads; IGH, immunoglobulin heavy chain; LAP, latency-activated protein; NPX, normalized protein expression; NT, natural outgrowth allergic individuals; OIT, oral immunotherapy; TGF, transforming growth factor

Open Access

Allergenic potency of various foods of mammalian origin in patients with α-Gal syndrome

  • Pages: 181-192
  • First Published: 15 July 2024
Allergenic potency of various foods of mammalian origin in patients with α-Gal syndrome

The study aimed to investigate the allergenic potency of various foods of mammalian origin among patients with α-Gal syndrome. The allergenic potency of foods of mammalian origin depends on the origin of the meat, the different cuts, and type of processing, with innards posing the greatest risk to patients with α-Gal syndrome. Even processed meat constitutes a risk, and some processed meat products pose equal allergenic potency as lean meats.

Abbreviations: α-Gal, galactose-α-1,3-galactose; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Trajectories of egg sensitization in childhood: Two birth cohorts in Asia and Europe

  • Pages: 193-204
  • First Published: 01 August 2024
Trajectories of egg sensitization in childhood: Two birth cohorts in Asia and Europe

The longitudinal patterns of egg sensitization can be classified into three patterns: persistent, early-onset remitting and no/low grade sensitization. Approximately 20% of the children in the persistent sensitization had unresolved egg allergy in late childhood. Only children exhibiting the persistent sensitization significantly associated with FLG loss-of-function mutations. Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; CHIBA, The Chiba High-risk Birth Cohort for Allergy; FLG, filaggrin; IgE, immunoglobulin E; MAAS, Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study; RRR, relative risk reduction.

Development and acceptability of a decision-aid for food allergy oral immunotherapy in children

  • Pages: 205-214
  • First Published: 26 September 2024
Development and acceptability of a decision-aid for food allergy oral immunotherapy in children

Shared decision-making helps enable patients to make decisions based on their individual goals, values and preferences. Few shared decision-making tools exists to assist patients in the shared decision-making process regarding initiating food allergy treatment. This decision-aid is associated with low decisional-conflict, high decisional self-efficacy, and appropriate for any age child where the family is considering oral immunotherapy to any allergen.

Open Access

Clinical utility analysis of the Hoxb8 mast cell activation test for the diagnosis of peanut allergy

  • Pages: 215-226
  • First Published: 28 September 2024
Clinical utility analysis of the Hoxb8 mast cell activation test for the diagnosis of peanut allergy

The Hoxb8 MAT demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy, as determined by measuring blinded sera from a prospectively enrolled, prevalidated peanut allergy cohort. Similar to the BAT, the Hoxb8 MAT distinguishes between allergic and nonallergic patients who underwent clinically indicated OFCs to peanut. Additionally, it has the ability to accurately classify sera from BAT nonresponders.Abbreviations: BAT, basophil activation test; Hoxb8, homebox b 8; MAT, mast cell activation test; MCs, mast cells; OFCs, oral food challenges; sIgE/sIgG, specific IgE/IgG; SPT, skin prick test.

Open Access

Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Children With Peanut Allergy: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase II Study

  • Pages: 227-237
  • First Published: 14 December 2024
Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab in Children With Peanut Allergy: A Multicenter, Open-Label, Phase II Study

Dupilumab was well tolerated in children and adolescent patients with peanut allergy, and safety was consistent with known dupilumab safety profile. Dupilumab monotherapy treatment for 24 weeks did not induce tolerability to peanut after food challenge, however, allergic reactions of grade 2 or higher numerically decreased. Dupilumab treatment resulted in around a 50% reduction in total IgE and ps-IgE. Abbreviations: DBPCFC, double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge; IgE, immunoglobulin E; psIgE, peanut-specific IgE.

The Severity of Allergic Reactions in a Real-World Environment Is Independent of the Eliciting Amounts of Foods

  • Pages: 238-247
  • First Published: 28 November 2024
The Severity of Allergic Reactions in a Real-World Environment Is Independent of the Eliciting Amounts of Foods

This multicentric study aimed to investigate the relationship between the nature and amount of food allergens consumed in “real-life situations” and the severity of symptoms during accidental reactions. We found no link between the severity of the reaction and the eliciting amount of allergen. Foods with precautionary allergen labelling may indeed contain allergen amounts far exceeding the notion of “traces,” raising questions about the accuracy of allergen labeling and regulations in Switzerland.Abbreviations: g, gram; ppm, parts per million.

Open Access

Comparison of Double-Blind and Open Food Challenges for the Diagnosis of Food Allergy in Childhood: The ALDORADO Study

  • Pages: 248-257
  • First Published: 14 December 2024
Comparison of Double-Blind and Open Food Challenges for the Diagnosis of Food Allergy in Childhood: The ALDORADO Study

We performed the first non-inferiority diagnostic study comparing food challenge outcomes. The Open food challenge outcome was found to be non-inferior compared to double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges for children aged 4 years and older suspected of cashew nut, hazelnut, or peanut allergy. Our results imply that less demanding open food challenges may be implemented for selected children in clinical practice.Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; DBPCFC, double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value.

Open Access

Organic Food Consumption Might Protect Against Sensitisation to Inhalant Allergens at School Age: The PARIS Cohort

  • Pages: 258-270
  • First Published: 03 January 2025
Organic Food Consumption Might Protect Against Sensitisation to Inhalant Allergens at School Age: The PARIS Cohort

This study identified by clustering three dietary patterns at school age. Compared to the pattern characterised by low consumption of organic food, frequent organic food consumption was associated with lower likelihood of allergic sensitisation to inhalant allergens. Moreover, children consuming organic milk and dairy products were less affected by allergic rhinitis than those consuming conventional milk or dairy products only. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; PARIS cohort, pollution and asthma risk: an infant study.

Drug Allergy, Insect Sting Allergy and Anaphylaxis

Open Access

Basophil activation test is a complementary tool in the diagnosis of immediate reactions to platinum salts and taxanes

  • Pages: 271-286
  • First Published: 31 August 2024
Basophil activation test is a complementary tool in the diagnosis of immediate reactions to platinum salts and taxanes

Basophil activation test is able to identify Type I IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions with a high sensitivity and specificity when using as activation markers CD63 or CD203c or the combination of both markers. Drug provocation test is safe even in the delabelling of Grade 2 chemotherapy hypersensitivity reactions. Non-hypersensitivity patients are mainly taxanes and indeterminate phenotypes.Abbreviations: BAS, basophil; CRR, cytokine release reactions; HSRs, hypersensitivity reactions; IgE, immunoglobulin E; PSs, platin salts; sens., sensitivity; spec., specificity; TXs, taxanes.

Epidemiology and Genetics

Altered levels of phospholipases C, diacylglycerols, endocannabinoids, and N-acylethanolamines in patients with hereditary angioedema due to FXII mutation

  • Pages: 287-296
  • First Published: 27 June 2024
Altered levels of phospholipases C, diacylglycerols, endocannabinoids, and N-acylethanolamines in patients with hereditary angioedema due to FXII mutation

Plasma PLC activity and DAG 18:1–20:4 concentrations are increased in FXII-HAE patients compared to controls. 2-AG (a DAG metabolite) concentrations are altered in FXII-HAE. AEA and OEA are decreased in FXII-HAE patients compared to controls. By contrast, PEA, is increased. C1-INH-HAE patients have elevated plasma activity of PLC but the levels of DAGs and eCBs are not altered.

Abbreviations: 2-AG, 2-arachidonoylglycerol; AEA, anandamide; cHK, cleaved high molecular weight kininogen; DAG, diacylglycerol; eCBs, endocannabinoids; FXII, factor XII; HAE, hereditary angioedema; OEA, oleoylethanolamidel; PEA, palmitoylethanolamide; PLC, phospholipase C.

Open Access

Increasing prevalence of galactose-α-1,3-galactose sensitization in the Danish general adult population

  • Pages: 297-308
  • First Published: 23 October 2024
Increasing prevalence of galactose-α-1,3-galactose sensitization in the Danish general adult population

Serum specific IgE to alpha-gal (present in mammalian meat) was assessed in >11,000 adults from Danish population-based health examination studies performed during 1990 to 2017. The prevalence of alpha-gal sensitization more than doubled from 1990 to 2017. Older age, male sex, blood group A, aeroallergen sensitization, and cat at home were associated with increased odds of alpha-gal sensitization.Abbreviations: DanFunD, Danish Study of Functional Disorders; sIgE, specific IgE; alpha-gal, galactose-α-1,3-galactose.

Open Access

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Causal Relationship Between Allergic Rhinitis and Hazelnut Allergy

  • Pages: 309-318
  • First Published: 14 December 2024
Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Causal Relationship Between Allergic Rhinitis and Hazelnut Allergy

This study investigated genetic susceptibility to food allergy in an adult population. One genome-wide significant locus near HLA-DPA1 was identified to be associated with hazelnut allergy. Co-occurrence of tree nuts and apple allergies with allergic rhinitis in adults is very common.Abbreviations: FA, food allergy; GWAS, genome-wide association studies; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; OR, odds ratio; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; sr-AR, self-reported allergic rhinitis.

LETTER