• Issue

    Neuropsychopharmacology Reports: Volume 44, Issue 3

    485-670
    September 2024

ISSUE INFORMATION

Open Access

Issue Information

  • Pages: 485
  • First Published: 15 September 2024

CASE REPORT

Open Access

Continuous alcohol withdrawal delirium and physical illness-associated delirium in a man brought to the emergency department after a disaster: A case report

  • Pages: 486-489
  • First Published: 25 April 2024
Continuous alcohol withdrawal delirium and physical illness-associated delirium in a man brought to the emergency department after a disaster: A case report

A 76-year-old heavy drinker with type 2 diabetes developed severe alcohol withdrawal delirium after being hospitalized for conditions caused by a typhoon, necessitating treatment with lorazepam and comprehensive care. This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary treatment and long-term monitoring for elderly patients with alcohol dependence, particularly after disasters.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

Evaluation of the effect of Modafinil in the improvement of the level of consciousness in patients with COVID-19 encephalopathy: A randomized controlled trial

  • Pages: 490-501
  • First Published: 08 May 2024
Evaluation of the effect of Modafinil in the improvement of the level of consciousness in patients with COVID-19 encephalopathy: A randomized controlled trial

In a double-blinded trial in Tehran, modafinil showed potential for enhancing consciousness in COVID-19 patients with encephalopathy but lacked statistical significance compared to placebo. Larger studies are needed to confirm modafinil's role in managing altered consciousness in COVID-19.

Open Access

High prevalence of severe pain is associated with low opioid availability in patients with advanced cancer: Combined database study and nationwide questionnaire survey in Japan

  • Pages: 502-511
  • First Published: 12 May 2024
High prevalence of severe pain is associated with low opioid availability in patients with advanced cancer: Combined database study and nationwide questionnaire survey in Japan

We revealed very limited doses of opioids were prescribed for end-stage cancer patients in Japan. This was the one seventeenth of the WHO standard. The limited doses were associated with high proportion of severe-to-intolerable end-stage cancer pain.

Open Access

Cluster analysis of patients with alcohol use disorder featuring alexithymia, depression, and diverse drinking behavior

  • Pages: 512-520
  • First Published: 21 May 2024
Cluster analysis of patients with alcohol use disorder featuring alexithymia, depression, and diverse drinking behavior

This study aimed to investigate cluster analysis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) featuring alexithymia, depression, and diverse drinking behavior. Cluster analysis identified three subtypes, that is, Cluster 1 (core AUD type) predominant with pathological drinking behavior highlighting automaticity, Cluster 2 (late-onset type) manifested by relatively late-onset of alcohol use and less depressive symptoms or pathological drinking behavior, and Cluster 3 (alexithymic type) characterized by alexithymia, depression, and pathological drinking behavior more featuring coping with negative affect.

CASE REPORT

Open Access

Long prodromal symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patient with intellectual developmental disorder—A case report

  • Pages: 521-525
  • First Published: 04 June 2024
Long prodromal symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patient with intellectual developmental disorder—A case report

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that may arise at any point during treatment and is often associated with adverse reactions to dopamine-blocking agents. This report presents a 38-year-old female with bipolar disorder and intellectual disability who has shown prodromal symptoms of NMS for several weeks.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

A psychometric analysis of the Japanese version of the clinically useful depression outcome scale supplemented with questions for the DSM-5 anxious distress specifier (CUDOS-A)

  • Pages: 526-533
  • First Published: 05 June 2024
A psychometric analysis of the Japanese version of the clinically useful depression outcome scale supplemented with questions for the DSM-5 anxious distress specifier (CUDOS-A)

We conducted a study using the Japanese version of the CUDOS-A on 131 MDD outpatients and 200 healthy controls, demonstrating excellent reliability and validity. The instrument effectively differentiated between MDD patients and controls, proving valuable for assessing anxious distress alongside depression in Japan. Additionally, within the MDD group, it was observed that depressive symptoms were significantly more severe in the subgroup with anxious distress compared to those without anxious distress. Therefore, the identification of anxious distress in patients with depression holds clinical importance, and the CUDOS-A, capable of achieving this, shows potential for widespread clinical utility.

TECHNICAL NOTE

Open Access

Development of the Japanese version of the Challenging Experience Questionnaire

  • Pages: 534-539
  • First Published: 18 June 2024
Development of the Japanese version of the Challenging Experience Questionnaire

Psychedelics often exert challenging experiences such as fear and anxiety. While the Challenging Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) is used to measure these experiences in clinical trials, no Japanese version was available. Now, an approved Japanese version of the CEQ is accessible.

CASE REPORT

Open Access

Neuropsychiatric manifestations due to anticholinergic agents and anabolic steroids ingestion: A case series and literature review

  • Pages: 540-544
  • First Published: 18 June 2024

Anticholinergic toxicity is a frequently encountered condition in the emergency room. Anticholinergic drugs, used as muscle relaxants, compete with acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors in the body. Neuropsychiatric effects of anticholinergic agents and anabolic steroids (ASs) can manifest as symptomsz like anxiety, agitation, dysarthria, hallucinations, bizarre behavior, and psychosis.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Open Access

The effects of omega-3, DHA, EPA, Souvenaid® in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Pages: 545-556
  • First Published: 25 June 2024
The effects of omega-3, DHA, EPA, Souvenaid® in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplementation with n-3 PUFA shows potential in slowing cognitive decline in AD patients, as indicated by the CDR scale. However, our findings suggest no clear distinctions between various n-3 PUFA supplements. These results highlight both the potential benefits and limitations of dietary interventions in managing cognitive decline in AD patients.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

Brexpiprazole: A new option in treating agitation in Alzheimer's dementia—Insights from transgenic mouse models

  • Pages: 557-568
  • First Published: 25 June 2024
Brexpiprazole: A new option in treating agitation in Alzheimer's dementia—Insights from transgenic mouse models

Brexpiprazole was evaluated on agitation-related behaviors in two transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's dementia. Brexpiprazole suppressed attack behavior and reduced nocturnal hyperlocomotion in these model mice, which may be indicative of the therapeutic effect of brexpiprazole on agitation in Alzheimer's dementia, as demonstrated in the clinical trials.

CASE REPORT

Open Access

Major depressive disorder after heart transplantation with partial response to antidepressant therapy and remission with aripiprazole augmentation: A case report

  • Pages: 569-571
  • First Published: 25 June 2024
Major depressive disorder after heart transplantation with partial response to antidepressant therapy and remission with aripiprazole augmentation: A case report

A woman diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) following a heart transplant experienced partial improvement with antidepressant treatment but continued to suffer from loss of appetite. Augmentation treatment with aripiprazole improved her appetite, and her MDD went into remission. When antidepressant treatment alone is not sufficiently effective for post-heart transplantation MDD, augmentation treatment with antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole, should be considered.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Open Access

Neurophysiological profiles of patients with bipolar disorders as probed with transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review

  • Pages: 572-584
  • First Published: 26 June 2024
Neurophysiological profiles of patients with bipolar disorders as probed with transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review

This systematic review examined the neurophysiological profiles of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) using transcranial magnetic stimulation. The review found that patients with BD had consistently reduced short-interval cortical inhibition compared to healthy controls (HCs), suggesting gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor-mediated neurophysiological function may be impaired. In addition, decreased long-interval intracortical inhibition and cortical silent period were observed in patients with BD compared to HC, suggesting GABA-B receptor-mediated neurophysiological impairment. These results indicate that impaired GABAergic neurophysiological function may underlie the important pathophysiological basis of the disorder in patients with BD.

CASE REPORT

Open Access

Successful treatment with guanfacine in a long-COVID case manifesting marked cognitive impairment

  • Pages: 585-590
  • First Published: 27 June 2024
Successful treatment with guanfacine in a long-COVID case manifesting marked cognitive impairment

A patient with long-COVID manifesting apparent cognitive impairment was successfully treated with guanfacine, a selective α2A-adrenoceptor agonist. Guanfacine may be helpful in improving subjective and objective cognitive functioning together with frontotemporal brain activity in such patients.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

Effect of prior depression diagnosis on bipolar disorder outcomes: A retrospective cohort study using a medical claims database

  • Pages: 591-598
  • First Published: 02 July 2024
Effect of prior depression diagnosis on bipolar disorder outcomes: A retrospective cohort study using a medical claims database

This study explored the effects of a prior major depressive disorder (MDD) diagnosis on outcomes in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Neither a history of MDD diagnosis nor the length of diagnosed duration significantly predicted the changes in rates of psychiatric hospitalization post-diagnosis of bipolar disorder. Instead, a history of MDD diagnosis was associated with reduced hospitalization rates for all causes, and a diagnosis of MDD for more than a year showed decreased mortality rates.

CASE REPORT

Open Access

Successful utilization of clozapine for a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia after recurrent violent behavior

  • Pages: 599-603
  • First Published: 03 July 2024
Successful utilization of clozapine for a patient with treatment-resistant schizophrenia after recurrent violent behavior

We report a case of treatment-resistant schizophrenia that exhibited recurrent violent behavior. Utilization of clozapine resulted in the cessation of his aggressive behavior by adjusting dosing schedule based on the therapeutic drug monitoring. This case underscores clozapine's efficacy in managing aggression, highlighting the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

Constipation-associated factors in outpatients with schizophrenia: A multicenter questionnaire survey

  • Pages: 604-613
  • First Published: 03 July 2024
Constipation-associated factors in outpatients with schizophrenia: A multicenter questionnaire survey

Individuals with schizophrenia often suffer from constipation, which could be a result of the illness itself or the side effects of psychotropic medications. We conducted a survey using self-administered questionnaires and medical records to identify factors associated with constipation in psychiatric outpatients. The analysis suggested that female gender, the doses of antiparkinsonian medications, and benzodiazepine sleeping pills may be associated with constipation.

MICRO REPORT

Open Access

Effect of concomitant use of yokukansan on steady-state blood concentrations of donepezil and risperidone in real-world clinical practice

  • Pages: 614-619
  • First Published: 08 July 2024
Effect of concomitant use of yokukansan on steady-state blood concentrations of donepezil and risperidone in real-world clinical practice

This exploratory study investigated whether yokukansan affects steady-state blood concentrations of donepezil and risperidone, mainly metabolized by CYP2D6 and/or CYP3A, and the major metabolites of both drugs in a real-world clinical setting. The plasma concentrations of donepezil and its primary metabolites M1, M2, M6, risperidone, its metabolite paliperidone, and the active moiety (i.e., risperidone + paliperidone) did not differ before and after the 8-week treatment with yokukansan. The findings of this study showed that the effect of yokukansan on steady-state plasma concentrations of donepezil and risperidone, as well as their metabolites, was small compared with the large individual variability in their blood concentrations.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

Obesity-associated factors in psychiatric outpatients: A multicenter questionnaire survey

  • Pages: 620-630
  • First Published: 15 July 2024
Obesity-associated factors in psychiatric outpatients: A multicenter questionnaire survey

A survey of 1384 psychiatric patients identified factors related to BMI >25. Results showed that obesity was associated with gender, dining out frequency, hospitalizations, antipsychotic medication use, and treatment duration.

Open Access

Comprehensive analysis including in-game spending and violent game playing in patients with internet gaming disorder

  • Pages: 631-638
  • First Published: 28 July 2024
Comprehensive analysis including in-game spending and violent game playing in patients with internet gaming disorder

We comprehensively analyzed factors in patients with internet gaming disorder (IGD) by multiple regression analysis and path analysis. In-game spending and violent game playing may be synergistic. Female patients with IGD may be more likely to be depressed.

REVIEW ARTICLE

Open Access

Role of uric acid in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on Alzheimer and Parkinson disease: A new perspective

  • Pages: 639-649
  • First Published: 29 July 2024
Role of uric acid in neurodegenerative diseases, focusing on Alzheimer and Parkinson disease: A new perspective

Findings from different studies highlighted the neuroprotective role uric acid against the development and progression of AD and PD. The neuroprotective effect of uric acid is mediated by mitigating oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration. Long-term effect of hyperuricemia predisposes for the development and progression of cognitive impairment by inducing oxidative stress, release of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and accumulation of Aβ.

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Open Access

Effect of A118G (rs1799971) single-nucleotide polymorphism of the μ-opioid receptor OPRM1 gene on intraoperative remifentanil requirements in Japanese women undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery

  • Pages: 650-657
  • First Published: 02 August 2024
Effect of A118G (rs1799971) single-nucleotide polymorphism of the μ-opioid receptor OPRM1 gene on intraoperative remifentanil requirements in Japanese women undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery

The G allele of the A118G polymorphism of the OPRM1 gene was associated with higher intraoperative remifentanil requirements and higher intraoperative bispectral index values in patients who underwent laparoscopic gynecological surgery under total intravenous anesthesia.

Open Access

Photopharmacological modulation of hippocampal local field potential by caged-glutamate with MicroLED probe

  • Pages: 658-662
  • First Published: 09 August 2024
Photopharmacological modulation of hippocampal local field potential by caged-glutamate with MicroLED probe

Photopharmacology is a new technique for modulating biological phenomena through the photoconversion of substances in a specific target region at precise times, and, here, we investigated whether a microscale light-emitting diode (MicroLED) probe is applicable for the photoconversion of caged-glutamate (caged-Glu) in vivo. In the caged-Glu-injected hippocampal dentate gyrus, the local field potential changed in the 10–20 Hz frequency ranges after light illumination, whereas there was no change in the ACSF control condition. These results indicate that the MicroLED probe is applicable for photopharmacological experiments and treatments.

Open Access

Correlation between myelin basic protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid and motor speed in patients with schizophrenia

  • Pages: 663-670
  • First Published: 12 August 2024
Correlation between myelin basic protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid and motor speed in patients with schizophrenia

Myelin basic protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-MBP) can potentially serve as a marker for aging-related white matter damage. CSF-MBP levels also correlated with motor speed scores in a cognitive evaluation in patients with schizophrenia.